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The St. Stanislaus Kostka Church (pol. ''Kościół Świętego Stanisława Kostki'') is a historic church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago located at 1351 West Evergreen Avenue in the Pulaski Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. St. Stanislaus Kostka Church is the 'mother church' of all other Polish churches in the Archdiocese of Chicago. It is a prime example of the so-called 'Polish Cathedral style' of churches in both its opulence and grand scale. Along with Basilica of St. Hyacinth, St. Mary of the Angels, and St. Hedwig's, it is one of the many monumental Polish churches visible from the Kennedy Expressway. ==History== St. Stanislaus Kostka Church was founded in 1867 as the first Polish parish in Chicago. Because the Resurrectionist Order has administered the Parish since 1869 and later founded many other Polish parishes in the city, St. Stanislaus Kostka is often referred to as the "mother church" of Chicago's Polish community. Antoni Smagorzewski-Schermann (the first permanent Polish resident of Chicago) was one of the key founders of St. Stanilaus-Kostka Church and was named the first president of the church (). Antoni Smagorzewski-Schermann donated some of his own land for the church building site. The original church building survived the Great Chicago Fire but was demolished to make way for the present church. The current church, located on the southeast corner of Noble and Evergreen Streets, was built between 1871 and 1881 by noted Irish Roman Catholic ecclesiastical architect Patrick Charles Keely of Brooklyn, New York. At the end of the 19th century it was one of the largest parishes not only in the city but in the whole country with over 35,000 parishioners in 1908. Along with Holy Trinity Polish Mission, St. Stanislaus Kostka was the center of Chicago's Polish Downtown giving rise to one of the neighborhood's former nickname of ''"Kostkaville"''. Much of this was due to Saint Stanislaus Kostka's first pastor, Reverend Vincent Michael Barzynski, who is described as “one of the greatest organizers of Polish immigrants in Chicago and America”. Barzynski was responsible, in one way or another, for founding 23 Polish parishes in Chicago, along with six elementary schools, two high schools, a college, and orphanages, newspapers, St. Mary of Nazareth Hospital as well as the national headquarters of the Polish Roman Catholic Union of America.〔 The church lost one of its two belfries that was "so reminiscent of Kraków or Łódź from a lightning strike in 1970"〔 The church was slated to be demolished to construct the Kennedy Expressway, but thanks to intense efforts by Chicago Polonia in the late 1950s, the planned right-of-way was shifted east making demolition unnecessary. The parish remained predominately Polish through most of the 20th century, but since the 1970s it has gained a significant number of Latino parishioners. Masses are now celebrated in English, Polish and Spanish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「St. Stanislaus Kostka Church (Chicago)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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